Buy Used Car Checklist
A comprehensive guide for inspecting a used car, covering mechanical checks, test drive protocols, and paperwork verification to ensure a smart purchase.
Overview
Summary and key details for this checklist.
Buying a used car requires a balance of skepticism and technical observation. This checklist empowers you to identify potential red flags before they become expensive repairs. A thorough DIY inspection typically takes 60 to 90 minutes, while a professional Pre-Purchase Inspection (PPI) at a shop may take 2 hours but offers deeper diagnostic insights.
By following these steps, you can differentiate between minor cosmetic wear and major mechanical failures. This process is essential for negotiating a fair price or knowing when to walk away from a deal entirely.
Printable Checklist
A clean, scannable checklist view. (You can export/print from the sidebar.)
| Item | Priority | Who | Time | What to check (Pass/Fail) | If failed (Next step) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VIN Match | Required | DIY | 5 min | VIN on dash, door, and title match | Walk away; potential fraud |
| Engine Oil Level/Color | Required | DIY | 5 min | Amber/Brown; at 'Full' mark | Negotiate or investigate leaks |
| Tire Tread Depth | Recommended | DIY | 5 min | At least 4/32" depth; even wear | Budget for new tires ($400+) |
| Exhaust Smoke | Required | DIY | 2 min | No blue, white, or thick black smoke | Major engine/turbo repair needed |
| Transmission Shift | Required | DIY | 20 min | Smooth shifts; no slipping/clunking | Avoid purchase; high repair cost |
| Brake Pedal Feel | Required | DIY | 5 min | Firm; no pulsing or pulling to side | Inspect pads, rotors, or master cylinder |
| AC/Heater Function | Recommended | DIY | 5 min | Blows ice cold and hot within 2 mins | Negotiate $300-$1k off price |
| Warning Lights (Dash) | Required | DIY | 2 min | No Check Engine, ABS, or Airbag lights | Scan for codes; professional diag |
| Coolant Condition | Required | DIY | 2 min | Bright color; no oil or 'milkshake' look | Blown head gasket; walk away |
| Body Panel Alignment | Recommended | DIY | 10 min | Consistent gaps between all panels | Check for hidden accident history |
| Suspension Noise | Recommended | DIY | 10 min | No squeaks or clunks over bumps | Inspect struts, bushings, or ball joints |
| Battery Terminals | Optional | DIY | 2 min | No heavy corrosion or loose cables | Clean or replace battery/cables |
| CV Boot Condition | Recommended | DIY | 5 min | No tears or grease leaking near wheels | Replace axle or boot soon |
| Interior Odors | Recommended | DIY | 2 min | No moldy, smoky, or sweet (coolant) smells | Check for flood damage or leaks |
| Spare Tire & Jack | Optional | DIY | 5 min | Present and properly inflated | Purchase replacements immediately |
| Title & Paperwork | Required | DIY | 10 min | Clean title; seller ID matches title | Do not buy until title is cleared |
| Brake Fluid Level | Required | DIY | 2 min | Level between Min/Max; clear/gold color | Flush system or check for leaks |
| Power Steering Fluid | Recommended | DIY | 2 min | No burnt smell; level is correct | Inspect pump and rack for leaks |
| Window Operation | Optional | DIY | 5 min | All windows go up/down smoothly | Repair regulator or switch |
| Headlights/Signals | Required | DIY | 5 min | All bulbs functioning (High/Low/Turn) | Replace bulbs or check fuses |
Use the table above as your primary guide during the walk-around and test drive. Mark each item clearly to maintain an objective view of the vehicle's value.
If more than three 'Required' items fail, it is generally advisable to seek a professional mechanic's opinion or look for a different vehicle. Minor 'Optional' failures are excellent leverage for price negotiation.
Notes
Extra context, cautions, and helpful tips.
Once the inspection is complete, take a moment away from the seller to review your notes and calculate potential immediate repair costs.
- Always verify the VIN on the vehicle matches the title exactly.
- Keep a digital copy of the vehicle history report (Carfax/AutoCheck).
- Dispose of any oily rags or chemicals used during inspection safely.
- If you buy the car, reset the trip odometer to track your first tank's MPG.
- Note any upcoming major services (e.g., timing belt) based on mileage.
- Check for open recalls using the NHTSA online tool.
- Ensure you receive all sets of keys and remotes.
- Browse similar Paperwork checklists to ensure a legal transfer.
- Review our Negotiation tips to get the best final price.
Related Checklists
More checklists with similar tags (mileage, interval, season, tasks).
FAQ
Common questions about this checklist.
Start from the complete car maintenance checklist, then narrow down by mileage, interval, and season.